STOS.BAS

STOS .BAS file structure

BAS_HEADER
{
 10 bytes  Magic "Lionpoulos": STOS basic source
  1 long   length of source excluding the header
  1 long   offset to first memory bank from end of header
15 x
{
  1 byte   bank type
  3 byte   bank length
}
___+
 78 byte   header size
}
 ?? byte  source code

--Nyh 16:18, 10 July 2007 (EDT)

STOS source code format

Bear in mind a Motorola 68000 based system uses big endian format, and 1 word is 4 bytes (32 bits), 1/2 word is 2 bytes (16 bits). To interpret on an Intel / PC based system, you will need to reverse the order of the bytes in each word / 1/2 word.

Credit should go to the writer of Amos file formats page, as I found it very useful, especially for the floating point translation. Also I got the lookup table information from the STOS source code - thanks to lp (Lonny) from the forum for that suggestion.

The source code is a stream of tokenized basic lines. Each line of STOS code equates to:

1/2 word	The length of the line in bytes, including this value and the line number
1/2 word	The line number
x bytes	Tokenized code (length: line length - 4)

The last line in the source code is always 4 0x00 bytes.

Most tokens are one byte, and represents one command or function. To find the name of the command or function, look up the byte value in the lookup table.
Token bytes start from 0x80 onwards. If the token value <= 0x7F, use its ascii value.
There are some special tokens, that may take up more than one byte:

Value	Command	Notes
0x00	End of line marker	1 byte: token (0x00) 0 or 1 byte: padding to make the next byte appear at an even position
0x8A	Rem or '	1 byte: token (0x8A) 1 byte: unknown purpose x bytes: ASCII text, terminated by 0x00 end of line token
0xA8 0xC0	Extension instruction Extension function	1 byte: token (0xA8 or 0xC0) 1 byte: extension index - extension A = 0x00, B = 0x01, … Z = 0x19 1 byte: lookup token - look this value up in the extensions lookup table Note: The extension index is relevant to the extension configuration at the time of saving the .BAS file. So for a .BAS file that contains extension commands to be correctly interpreted when loading, the same extensions need to be present at the same letters.
0x98 0x99 0x9A 0x9B 0x9C 0x9D 0x9E 0x9F	Goto Gosub Then Else Restore For While Repeat	1 byte: token (0x98, 0x99, … 0x9F) 0 or 1 byte: padding to make the next byte appear at an even position 4 bytes: unknown purpose
0xA0 0xB8	Extended instruction Extended function	1 byte: token (0xA0 or 0xB8) 1 byte: another token, to lookup in either the extended instructions table or extended functions lookup table Note: These are nothing to do with extensions, and I guess were added when the programmers realised the wouldn’t fit all the instructions into values 0x80 - 0xFF?
0xFA	Variable name	1 byte: token (0xFA) 0 or 1 byte: padding to make the next byte appear at an even position 1 byte: 1st bit set if var is a string, 2nd bit if var is a float, 3rd bit set if var is an array, remaining 5 bits, length of variable name 3 bytes: unknown purpose x bytes: ASCII variable name, including any '$' or '#' postfix.
0xFB	Integer (binary)	?
0xFC	String literal	1 byte: token (0xFC) 0 or 1 byte: padding to make the next byte appear at an even position 2 bytes: unknown purpose 1 word: string length x bytes: ASCII string value
0xFD	Integer (hexadecimal)	?
0xFE	Integer	1 byte: token (0xFE) 0 or 1 byte: padding to make the next byte appear at an even position 1 word: integer value
0xFF	Floating point number	1 byte: token (0xFE) 0 or 1 byte: padding to make the next byte appear at an even position 1 word: number value - 1st 24 bits are the mantissa, 25th bit is the sign, last 7 bits are the exponent 4 bytes: unknown purpose Note: to convert to a readable format, each bit of the mantissa = 2 ^ (bit_position + exponent - 88.0). Add up the values indicated by each bit in the mantissa. Accurate to 5 decimal places.

--Darklight 20:54, 2 September 2007 (EDT)